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}} Fashion tourism is a niche market segment evolved out of three major sectors: Creative Tourism, Cultural Tourism and Shopping Tourism. Fashion Tourism can be defined as “the interaction between Destination Marketing Organisations (DMOs), trade associations, tourism suppliers and host communities, with people travelling to and visiting a particular place for business or leisure to enjoy, experiment, discover, study, trade, communicate about and consume fashion.”〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Jan Miller Consultancy )〕 All over the world today cities are increasingly using the cultural industries for the development of tourism and other industries to boost their economic fortune and to position themselves in the global market. There is often no need for cities to specialize in any new activity but rather to diversify their economy and it is in this context that fashion tourism has been adopted and promoted in many cities. See examples for Antwerp,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Visit Antwerpen – Official tourism portal of Antwerp Tourism & Convention. )〕 London,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fashion City Insider )〕 and Tokyo.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Tokyo Fashion Map - TokyoFashion.com )〕 Fashion is a global industry and many capital cities have press-grabbing trade activity at least twice a year, e.g. London through its London Fashion Week, and this is often the starting point for many DMOs to take fashion seriously as a new anchor for their tourism industry and visitor economy. They are consciously pushing fashion week trade events into the public eye to raise their city’s fashionable credentials and encourage visitors to consider travel to their city. Prime movers London (via the Mayor of London’s office) and New York (via the New York City Economic Development Council) government offices have been leading the way internationally to use their fashion credentials to attract visitors to their cities and wider. Other cities also following suit having seen the economic impact which London and New York’s fashion credentials can bring. Seoul now has two fashion weeks, and riding on the reputation of these, the city now has a vast complex of shopping malls and wholesale retailers which attract more than two million visitors per year, including just about half of all the tourists who come to Seoul.〔Fashion is essential to tourism; 6 January 2012, by Hannah Bae; http://travel.cnn.com/seoul/shop/tell-me-about-it/hannah-bae-fashion-essential-tourism-405067〕 Singapore also has a fashion week and the Singapore Tourism Board includes fashion as one of the high profile component for enhancing the city’s destination attractiveness.〔Singapore Tourism Board: Annual report 12/13; http://www.stb.gov.sg/htm/STBAnnualReport/STB_AR12-13/pdf/stb_ar_2013.pdf〕 Even a city as obscure as Lagos, Nigeria, (in terms of fashion credentials) has recently commissioned the Central University of Applied Sciences to prepare a report titled ‘The Emerging Role of Fashion Tourism and The Need for a Development Strategy’〔The Emerging Role of Fashion Tourism and The Need for a Development Strategy in Lagos Nigeria, Olubukola Bada, Central University of Applied Sciences, June 2013〕 so that they could assess the advantages fashion could bring to their local and regional economy. Shopping as a tourism motivator Shopping has become a motive to travel and is now a major tourist activity. Visitors are increasingly choosing shopping as a way to experience local culture through an engagement with local products and local craftspeople, and some destinations provide special tourist shopping activities for tourists to shop for goods.〔Conciergeetcetera.com, Fashion Tourism – The Ultimate Epicure of Travel, June 26, 2013Culture, shopping, Tourism〕 As a niche market segment within shopping tourism, the economic importance of fashion tourism cannot be under-estimated. The recently launched Bicester designer shopping village, an hours train journey out of London is now the third largest shopping destination in the UK after Harrods and Selfridges, and the Bicester train station has signage in Mandarin and Arabic.〔 Individual fashion brands also play a major part in fashion tourism marketing. VisitBritain, the UK’s tourism board, recently stated that the luxury clothing brand Burberry has almost played a lone hand in attractinglucartiv high-spending Chinese tourists to the UK.〔Chinese tourists can help UK out of recession, says British tourist board; 10 October 2012; James Meikle; theguardian.com; http://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/oct/10/chinese-tourists-uk-shopping-recession〕 According to the tourism statistical data of the U.S. Office of Travel and Tourism Industries on tourism performance, shopping ranked as the top participation activity for Asians (90%) and Western Europeans (86%), and Eastern European tourists (85%). Detailed profiles for countries of origin show that shopping is on the top among all other tourist activities for the European countries of Ireland (93%), Spain (82%), and Italy (79%). Asian shopping participation percentages are particularly high in Taiwan (93%) and Japan (92%).〔Tom Wilson blog ‘Shopping tourism’, April 2012 http://www.slideshare.net/wilsontom/shopping-tourism〕 There are increasing incentives to travel for economic reasons, as purchasing power and currency fluctuations can play an important role in travel decision making, as well as relative price positioning. There is a trend within shopping tourism for consumers from emerging markets, notably China and South America, to plan their trips according to where the fashion () is cheapest. Up to 50 per cent of sales of luxury goods in Western Europe are generated by foreigners and global travel generates as much as 30% of total sales of luxury goods.〔The rise of accessories tourism; October 13, 2011 by Vanessa Friedman; http://blogs.ft.com/material-world/2011/10/13/the-rise-of-accessories-tourism/〕 The queues of non-Parisians outside Louis Vuitton clearly mean something, but according to an HSBC report ‘The Bling Dynasty’,〔China's Bling Shoppers Choose Asia Over Europe; 3 April 2013, by Rajeshni Naidu-Ghelani; http://www.cnbc.com/id/100611573〕 this is less about status (the chic of buying from the point of origin) than economic intelligence (the savings involved). This isn’t limited to luxury products. Brazil has overtaken the UK as the source of the largest group of tourists to Florida and New York, and they spend close to twice as much as British tourists on products, partly because they can make savings of up to 70% on US merchandise compared to its cost in Brazil.. The nature of shopping tourism is certainly changing: “It’s not about souvenirs - it’s about savings”.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fashion tourism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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